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Obesity-related Tool Enzymes

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Overview

Fig.1 Rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase.
(Swint-Kruse, et al., 2023)

Obesity is a complex metabolic disease in which physiological and pathological processes involve a variety of biochemical reactions and signaling pathways. Tool enzymes, as key players in these reactions and pathways, play an important role in the onset, development, and treatment of obesity. Tool enzymes catalyze specific biochemical reactions that regulate key processes such as lipid metabolism, energy homeostasis, and inflammatory responses, thereby affecting body weight and metabolic health.

Protheragen offers a range of high-quality enzyme products designed to meet the need for enzymes in anti-obesity research. For example, changes in the activity of our high-quality pyruvate kinase product directly affect the metabolic activity of fat cells, which in turn affects fat accumulation and energy balance in the body.

Comprehensive Obesity-related Tool Enzymes Hold Unlimited Possibilities

Our company provides high-quality enzyme products covering a wide range of obesity-related enzymes for modeling metabolic pathways in different physiological states.

Dehydrogenases

Features of Dehydrogenase Products

Dehydrogenases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the dehydrogenation of substrates, usually involved in energy metabolism and biosynthetic processes.
In obesity, dehydrogenases are involved in regulating fatty acid oxidation and ATP synthesis.

Research Area

Energy metabolism research
Inhibitor development
Obesity and metabolic disease therapeutic targets research
Biosynthetic pathway research

Esterases

Features of Esterase Products

Esterases catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds and are widely found in living organisms.
In fat metabolism, esterases catalyze the process of fat catabolism to produce glycerol and fatty acids, and are one of the key enzymes in fat metabolism.

Research Area

Fat metabolism research
Anti-obesity research
Drug screening

(Protheragen)

Kinases

Features of Kinase Products

Kinases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of phosphate groups and play an important role in cellular signaling and metabolic regulation.
In obesity, kinases are involved in the regulation of insulin signaling, fat synthesis, and catabolism.

Research Area

Insulin signaling research
Obesity and diabetes target research
Fat metabolism pathway research
Cell proliferation and apoptosis studies

Oxidases

Features of Oxidase Products

Oxidases catalyze the oxidation of substrates, usually involving the electron transport chain and the production of reactive oxygen species.
In lipid metabolism, oxidases are involved in the oxidation of fatty acids and promote energy production.

Research Area

Obesity research
Metabolic disease research
Antioxidant development

(Protheragen)

Peroxidases

Features of Peroxidase Products

Peroxidase catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to produce water and oxygen and is involved in a variety of biological oxidation reactions.
In the inflammatory response, peroxidase regulates the production and release of inflammatory mediators and is closely associated with obesity-related chronic low-grade inflammation.

Research Area

Inflammatory disease research
Obesity therapeutic target research
Inflammatory factor/biomarker identification
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drug screening

Publication

Technology: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Real-time ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, Western blotting

Journal: Scientific Reports

Published: 2019

IF: 3.8

Results: This article examined the effects of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 and 4 (PDK2/4) double knockout (DKO) on pyruvate metabolism in mouse liver by real-time hyperpolarized (HP) ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. It was found that PDK2/4 DKO significantly increased PDH flux in the liver, improved glucose metabolism, and reduced fat accumulation in obese mice. Moreover, real-time hyperpolarized ¹³C NMR spectroscopy is used as a superior tool for assessing PDH flux and developing new therapies against metabolic diseases.

Fig.2 Metabolic fates of hyperpolarized 13C pyruvate in an isolated perfused mouse liver. Fig.2 HP ¹³C pyruvate metabolic pathway. (Sharma, et al., 2019)

Applications

Application of obesity-related instrumental enzymes. (Protheragen)

Advantages of Our Products

Our company adopts an advanced production process and a strict quality control system to ensure the purity and activity of our products.
Our company offers many types of tool enzyme products to meet the needs of different research fields and application scenarios.
Our company offers products with excellent stability, batch consistency, and storage properties to ensure that they remain active during transportation and use.

Frequently Asked Questions

How to choose the right esterase or lipase?
Esterases mainly catalyze the hydrolysis of esters with shorter chain lengths, usually targeting esters with less than ten carbon atoms. Lipases have a broader catalytic ability, not only hydrolyzing short-chain esters but also efficiently catalyzing esters with chain lengths of more than ten carbon atoms, and especially excelling in the hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acid esters. Therefore, in practical application, we suggest choosing the most suitable enzyme according to the chain length of esters, the action site, and catalytic mode, and other factors.
Is it possible to develop tool enzymes for specific applications?
Of course! Our company has a professional and experienced production team, which provides clients with one-stop customized service from enzyme design, structure optimization, and precise selection of expression system to production and testing, helping clients to develop efficient and stable tool enzyme products for specific applications.

The tool enzyme products Protheragen provides are not only suitable for basic biological research but also are used in drug development, biopharmaceuticals, and many other fields, providing strong support for the research of obesity and related metabolic diseases. If you don't find the enzyme you are looking for, please feel free to contact us for assistance.

References

Sharma, G.; et al. Real-time hyperpolarized ¹³C magnetic resonance detects increased pyruvate oxidation in pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2/4-double knockout mouse livers. Scientific Reports. 2019, 16480. (CC BY 4.0)
Swint-Kruse, L.; et al. PYK-SubstitutionOME: an integrated database containing allosteric coupling, ligand affinity, and mutational, structural, pathological, bioinformatic, and computational information about pyruvate kinase isozymes. Database. 2023, baad030. (CC BY 4.0)

Obesity-related Tool Enzyme Products

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